In 1692, at the port of Jamaica, ever live sand that is formed from the soil solution due to the earthquake, later causing 1 / 3 of lost cities, and the tragedy that killed 2,000 people.
The lake looked calm in the south of England, a narrow bay or fjord in Alaska is beautiful but dangerous and other areas of human events ever caught alive in the sand.
However, most people often do not ever come across the sand of life, let alone witnessed a person stuck in the sand of life or experience it for yourself. The impression people live mainly on the sand based on various films seen. Created an atmosphere or scene in the film depicts life of sand is a scourge that can suck people into the bottomless pit.
Would dissolve if the disturbed surface quicksand
A scientist from the University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands Daniel Bonn ever meet a local shepherd. The pastor pointed quicksand, saying in Bonn, that there was once mired in a camel and then disappeared.
Then immediately after he conducted an investigation related to his country kembai.He took samples of sand to the Netherlands and analyze its composition. Having found that the mixture consists of high-quality sand, clay, and brine, Bonn and his team create artificial quicksand in large numbers.
He observed and carefully analyzed dozens of movies that depict views of human quicksand that swallowed it, and found that the picture painted of these movies completely wrong and wrong.
Later, in his laboratory, Bonn mixing sand, clay and salt water, forming a sand model of living in a small room for examination. After repeated experiments, researchers led Bonn personnel found, that it took several days to make the sand becomes sticky.
Contrast is very easy if you're going eliminate viscosity (viscosity), which is quite fitting given the pressure on its surface. The surface will be "dissolved" on the fly if it gets movement disorders, the sand on the surface will become friable (soft), and sand in a shallow layer will also be dropped down rapidly.
The movement of this shift makes objects move on the surface of the sand sink to the bottom, then along with the increasing depth of sinking, the sand that falls down through the displacement movement of the upper layer will slowly converge, and then will create a thick sediment, so the viscosity or the nature glue sand accelerate, preventing objects fall further.
Need the power of lifting a car
According to the research, that people who are mired in quicksand generally can not move, which increases the density of the sand then glue on the lower limbs are mired in quicksand, forming a very besas pressure on the body, making us very hard exertion.
People who are very big strength though also difficult in a short time to remove victims trapped in the quicksand. After the calculation of the researchers involved, that to remove a trapped victim's feet with a speed of 1 cm / sec just need the strength of Newton's 100 thousand, or approximately equivalent to the power of raising a medium-size car.
Unless assisted by Derek car, if it is not difficult to remove victims trapped in quicksand in a short time. The results of related research also shows, according to a count of this power, if forcibly dragged the victim, the quicksand before "releasing" a trapped victim, the victim's body was broken attracted by the great powers.
Risks resulting from such action is far more dangerous than allowing victims to remain in the quicksand for a while.
How to escape from the trap
Actually most of the quicksand is not much different from the sand in general, not creepy as depicted in the film. In principle, it is only sand that has been impregnated water, due to friction (friction) between the grains of sand is reduced, so that it becomes a mixture of sand and semi-liquid water that are difficult to support. Sands of life are usually found around the coast.
According to Benn, that there is only one state of human quicksand can drown (drown), ie when the head first to get into, but chances are mired in this way is very small. People who are mired in quicksand just feel a little pressure on the chest, a bit hard to breathe, would not life-threatening. Tide near the sands of life then the enemy is frightening for victims trapped.
People mistakenly interpret that by shaking the legs can loosen the sand around the body, thereby helps the limbs to get out of the sand. Related scientists said, the fact is not so, such movement will only accelerate the clay sediments, strengthening the viscosity (viscosity) quicksand, struggling blindly will only make the victim more deeply mired.
Benn said, "a way to escape from quicksand remain, namely the trapped victims should move her legs slowly, so that water and sand as much as seep into hollow areas, doing so will be able to reduce the pressure loss of the victim, and make the sand so slowly menggembur-land.
In addition, the victim must also try to separate limbs, because if the surface area of sand that touched the greater weight, then gained buoyancy will be even greater.Provided that the victim has enough patience, with the motion quite calm and relaxed, then slowly certainly will be free from quicksand trap.
In addition the research also found that, when an object is stuck in the quicksand, the speed setting is determined by the density of the object. Density of live sand is generally 2 g / milliliter, whereas the human density is 1g/milliliter. Below this density, the human body sank into the sand of life will not drown, often going to stop until the waist.
In addition the researchers also found that although the number density of objects is larger than the sand of life, but still able to float on the sand of life. In a related experiment, they then put a ball of aluminum on the surface density 2.7g/mililiter quicksand.
And although its density is larger than life sand. But it gets the influence of buoyancy and voltage quicksand sand, then the aluminum ball can remain calmly on the surface of live sand. The ball did not sink until the researchers shook the sand suction and made a motion that causes the mixture more fluid. When doing this, an aluminum ball is really entirely submerged.
However, when using aluminum ball that has a density similar to humans, which means lower than the density of quicksand, the ball was never drowned, although the mixture is treated harshly.
The fall of the object into quicksand pastikel sand mixed with water causing loss of stability. If it continues to be pressure, the mixture will turn into more liquid on the surface and is very solid at the bottom.
"The greater the pressure, the more fluid that forms in quicksand so that movement of the victim makes it sink deeper and deeper," said Daniel Bonn, lead investigator from the University of Amsterdam, as written in the journal Nature.
Based on measurements of aluminum equipment, the physical pressure to increase by 1 percent causes the particle sinking speed up a million times. Bonn adds that pulling items out of the sand at this stage requires equal power lifting medium-sized car.
Patience and calm
"The most dangerous is when the quicksand tend to draw quickly," he said. But patience can save you. If you wait patiently, slowly sand particles will be stable so that the mixture of buoyancy will lift you up.
We know that the sand layer beneath it more tightly while more water in the upper layer. Very thick layer of sand beneath contain very little water so difficult to remove the legs that fall into it, "said Bonn.
His advice, stay calm and usually you will float. Straighten your back to expand the area that is free and wait until the legs are free of sand. Bonn also suggests moving your legs to control the water so that you are floating. "You have to put water into the sand and the easiest way is twirled around the foot in the quicksand," he added.
Suggestions are most likely correct. The proof, aluminum ball second in this experiment did not sink more than half. Although the ball is only four millimeters in diameter, density is the same with humans so that it can be used as a human model.
source: kaskus.us
